Swastini I. G. A. A. P, Dewi G. A. R. Ok. R, Arjani I. A. M. S. Optimization of Snail (Achatina fulica) Mucus Gel Method with CMC-Na as a Gelling Agent Therapeutic Periodontitis. Biomed Pharmacol J 2024;17(2).
Manuscript accepted on :08-02-2024
Revealed on-line on: 16-04-2024
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Second Evaluate by: Dr. Nshu Raina
Last Approval by: Dr. Eman Refaat Youness
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I Gusti Agung Ayu Putu Swastini*, Gusti Ayu Ratih Kusuma Ratna Dewi
and Ida Ayu Made Sri Arjani
Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Denpasar, Denpasar Metropolis, Bali, Indonesia.
Corrresponding Creator E-mail:agungswastini18@gmail.com
Summary
The content material of snail (Achatina fulica) mucus chemical compounds which have been examined by researchers quantitatively are: Heparan Sulfate 16.45 mg/100 g, Acharan Sulfate 21.33 mg/100 mg, Acahtin isolate 36.06 mg/100 mg, Ca2+ Ion 86.12 mg/100 g, Beta Agglutinin 58.22 mg/100 g, Achasin Protein 102.22 mg/100 g, Glycokonyugat 8.86 mg/100 g, qualitatively snail mucus gel comprises chemical substances contained in snail mucus gel are: Allantoin, Collagen, Elastin, Glicolic, Vit A and and C, Antibiotic peptide, Protein, Enzyme, Hyaluronic Acid, Copper Peptide, Antimicrobial peptide, Iron, Zinc, Proteoglycans. The aim of this examine was to acquire the optimum focus of Na CMC as a gelling agent within the manufacture of snail mucus gel, receive the optimum formulation from the optimum formulation variation, make a snail mucus gel preparation that serves as a treatment drug for periodontitis, check snail mucus gel with optimum focus in rats for the therapy of periodontitis. Analysis strategies: true experimental laboratorium, willpower, preparation of snail mucus chemical compounds, optimization and willpower of Na CMC, optimization and willpower of glycerin, optimization and willpower of sodium lauryl sulfate and snail mucus preparation formulation. The outcomes of the examine obtained optimization of gel preparations with three sorts of concentrations, specifically 5%, 7.5%, and 10%, obtained the outcomes of the steadiness check of the preparation declared steady, tasteless organoleptical viscous liquid, pH 6.75; 6.81; 6.88; 6.79; 6.79; 6.84 evenly distributed 5.6; 6.1; 6.5; 6.79; 6.79; 6.84; adhesion 12.45g/cm2; 15.80: g/cm2 ; 17.20; 12.50; 12.50;17.50; 17.20; 20.40; 15.40; 15.40; 20.05 viscosity 17.50; 17.20; 20.40; 15.40; 15.40; 20.05 cp and turbulent movement kind (4050 Reynold), 4100; 4095; 4050; 4050; 4080. The conclusion of this analysis is the optimum focus of Na CMC as a gelling agent within the manufacture of snail mucus gel is 10%.
Key phrases
Therapeutic; Na CMC; Optimization; Periodontitis; Snail Mucus Gel
Copy the next to quote this text: Swastini I. G. A. A. P, Dewi G. A. R. Ok. R, Arjani I. A. M. S. Optimization of Snail (Achatina fulica) Mucus Gel Method with CMC-Na as a Gelling Agent Therapeutic Periodontitis. Biomed Pharmacol J 2024;17(2).
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Introduction
orbiter drug switch when in comparison with ointment2. The number of gelling agent
will causes modifications within the bodily traits of the gel in addition to the ultimate results of the preparation. Gelling brokers generally used HPMC and and
carbomer3. The usage of snail mucus
to heal burns could be facilitated by making it within the type of gel-like
preparations. The gel has soothing
properties, moisturizes, straightforward to make use of, simply penetrates the pores and skin in order that it offers a therapeutic
impact. Gel bases could be differentiated into
hydrophobic gel bases and hydrophilic gel bases4. On this
examine, optimization of snail mucus
gel preparations was carried out with the addition of Na CMC as a gelling agent with completely different
concentrations for every formulation. That is supposed to see the impact of accelerating the focus of CMC-Na used as
a gelling agent on the bodily stability of snail mucus. Snail mucus
that has been obtained in line with optimum optimization shall be
used as remedy in mice with dental periodontitis. Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium (CMC-Na) is within the type
of a white granule powder, odorless,
tasteless, and hygroscopic. At a vconcentration of 3-6% within the common formulation is used as a gel base. Not simply
soluble in acetone, ethyl alcohol
(95%), ether, and toluene, dispersible in water in any respect temperatures5. The content material of snail mucus comparable to beta
agglutinin (antibodies) in plasma (serum),
achacin protein, glycoconjugates and acharan sulfate
have the profit
of eliminating wounds in phrases
of the blood clotting course of and proliferation of fibroblast cells6. The intention of this analysis was to
decide the variations within the bodily
high quality of snail (Achatina fulica) mucus gel preparations with
variations in CMC-Na focus as a gelling agent.
Materials and Methodology
The snail that used was the kind of Achatina fulica. Snail mucus is taken utilizing the tip of a pipette, touched on the stomach, then the flowing mucus is accommodated in a sterile pot. The obtained mucus is yellowish in shade and has a attribute odor. Snail mucus gel is formulated with 3 completely different CMC-Na concentrations, specifically F1(CMC-Na 5%), F2 (CMC-Na 7,5%), and F3 (CMC-Na 10%). The formulation of snail mucus gel preparation made by the CMC-Na technique was developed by sprinkling on a mortar that has contained heat aquades and allowed to face for quarter-hour (Combination 1). Nipagin and nipasol in beaker glass are dissolved with alcohol utilizing a stirring rod till homogeneous (Combination 2). Combination 1 is crushed till homongenic then put combination 2 into combination 1, grind till homogeneous. Add Propylene glycol to the mortar, combine till homogeneous. Put the Snail mucus in a mortar, stirring till homogeneous. Weigh, and alter the load of the preparation by including aquadest to the preparation, stirring till homogeneous and put in a clear container, give it a label.
The soundness check is carried out by spectrometric check technique by
assessing: humidity, relative,
and Gentle.
Desk 1: Stability Check Outcomes
Stability Check |
Situation |
Accelerated Stability Check |
400C±20C/75% RH±5percentRH |
Intermediate Stability Check (Inyermediet testing) |
300C±20C/65% RH±5percentRH |
Lengthy-term Stability Check or precise check (Long run testing) |
250C±20C/60percentRH±5percentRH or 2oC/65%±RH |
Outcomes
After qualitative evaluation on the Oral
Biology Laboratory, College of Dentistry, Universitas
Airlangga Surabaya, it was discovered that the chemical substances contained in snail mucus gel are: Allantoin, Collagen,
Elastin, Glicolic, Vit A and and C, Antibiotic
peptide, Protein, Enzyme, Hyaluronic Acid, Copper Peptide, Antimicrobial
peptide, Iron, Zinc, Proteoglycans.
Desk 2: Snail Mucus Gel Method
No |
Supplies |
F1 (%) |
F2 (%) |
F3 (%) |
1 |
CMC |
5 |
7.5 |
10 |
2 |
Nipagin |
0,36 |
0,36 |
0,36 |
3 |
Nipasol |
0,04 |
0,04 |
0.04 |
4 |
PG |
10 |
10 |
10 |
5 |
Aq advert. |
100 |
100 |
100 |
Snail mucus gel was formulated with substances CMC, Nipagin, Nipasol, PG and Aquadest with concentrations of 5%, 7.5% and 10%.
Outcomes of Snail Mucus Gel Evaluation (F1)
Desk 3 exhibits that the outcomes of snail mucus gel
evaluation with a focus of 5% discovered
that the steadiness is steady, viscous liquid, tasteless liquid, homogeneous, pH
6.75, even distribution 5.6 (regular
dispersion is between 5-7 cm), adhesion 12.45, the upper the adhesion
check the higher, viscosity 17.50, starting from 10-20 Centi poly and that is nonetheless inside regular limits, whereas the tubulen movement kind 4050 Reynold, exhibits that snail mucus has a
good movement kind with Re>4000.
Desk 3. F1 Evaluation Outcomes
No |
Check Code |
Unit |
Methodology |
FI Outcomes |
1 |
Stability |
– |
Spectrometric check |
Secure |
2 |
Analysis of the state |
– |
In home |
Viscous liquid |
3 |
Organoleptics |
– |
Organoleptics check |
Tasteless liquid |
4 |
Homogeneity |
– |
Spectrometric check |
Homogeneous |
5 |
pH |
– |
pHmetric check |
6.75 |
6 |
Dispersion |
– |
Spectrometric check |
Evenly distributed (5.6 cm) |
7 |
Adhesion |
g/cm2 |
Brinel check |
12.45 |
8 |
Viscosity |
cp |
Viscosimetrie check |
17.50 |
9 |
Movement kind |
– |
In Home |
Turbulent (4050 Reynold) |
Outcomes of Snail Mucus Gel Evaluation (F2)
Desk 4 exhibits that the outcomes of snail mucus gel evaluation with a focus of seven.5% discovered that the steadiness is steady, viscous liquid, tasteless liquid, homogeneous, pH 6.81, even distribution 6.1 (regular dispersion is between 5-7 cm), adhesion 15.80, the upper the adhesion check the higher, viscosity 17.20 (starting from 10-20 Centi poly) and that is nonetheless inside regular limits, whereas the tubulen movement kind 4100 Reynold, exhibits that snail mucus has an excellent movement kind with Re>4000. The proportion of snail mucus gel is 7.5% higher than snail mucus gel with a focus of 5%.
Desk 4: F2 Evaluation Outcomes
No |
Check Code |
Unit |
Methodology |
F2 Outcomes |
1 |
Stability |
– |
Spectrometric check |
Secure |
2 |
Analysis of the state |
– |
In home |
Viscous liquid |
3 |
Organoleptics |
– |
Organoleptics check |
Tasteless liquid |
4 |
Homogeneity |
– |
Spectrometric check |
Homogeneous |
5 |
pH |
– |
pHmetric check |
6.81 |
6 |
Dispersion |
– |
Spectrometric check |
Evenly distributed (6.1 cm) |
7 |
Adhesion |
g/cm2 |
Brinel check |
15.80 |
8 |
Viscosity |
cp |
Viscosimetrie check |
17.20 |
9 |
Movement kind |
– |
In Home |
Turbulent (4100 Reynold) |
Outcomes of Snail Mucus Gel Evaluation (F3)
Desk 5 exhibits that the outcomes of snail mucus gel evaluation with focus 10 % discovered that the steadiness is steady, viscous liquid, tasteless liquid, homogeneous, pH 6.88, even distribution 6.5 (regular dispersion is between 5-7 cm), adhesion 15.80, the upper the adhesion check the higher, viscosity 20.40, starting from 10-20 Centi poly and that is nonetheless inside regular limits, whereas the tubulen movement kind 4095 Reynold, exhibits that snail mucus has an excellent movement kind with Re>4000. Three formulation of snail mucus gel have been analyzed, a gel with a focus of 10% has the highest quality. Based mostly on the outcomes of testing the bodily stability of the gel, the focus of 10% shall be used as a gel formulation for therapeutic periodontitis.
Desk 5: F3 Evaluation Outcomes
No |
Check Code |
Unit |
Methodology |
F3 Outcomes |
1 |
Stability |
– |
Spectrometric check |
Secure |
2 |
Analysis of the state |
– |
In home |
Viscous liquid |
3 |
Organoleptics |
– |
Organoleptics check |
Tasteless liquid |
4 |
Homogenitas |
– |
Spectrometric check |
Homogeneous |
5 |
pH |
– |
pHmetric check |
6.88 |
6 |
Dispersion |
– |
Spectrometric check |
Evenly (6.5 cm) |
7 |
Adhesion |
g/cm2 |
Brinel check |
17.20 |
8 |
Viscosity |
cp |
Viscosimetrie check |
20.40 |
9 |
Movement kind |
– |
In Home |
Turbulent (4095 |
Dialogue
Periodontitis is a power irritation of the tissue supporting the enamel (periodontium). Scientific examination of periodontitis victims exhibits a rise in pocket depth, bleeding when probing gently on the web site of energetic illness and modifications in physiological contours. Periodontitis is the primary explanation for tooth loss in grownup inhabitants worldwide, who’re liable to loss a number of enamel, and masticatory dysfunction thereby affecting vitamin, and an individual’s high quality of life11. On scientific examination there is a rise in probing depth, bleeding on probing (the place the illness is energetic) which is carried out slowly and physiological contour modifications may also be discovered redness, swelling of the gingiva and are normally painless12. On this examine it was discovered that the focus of snail mucus gel 10% is one of the best as a therapeutic agent for periodontitis as a result of it has steady stability, viscous liquid, tasteless liquid, homogeneous, pH 6.88 evenly distributed, 6.5, for regular dispersion is between 5-7 cm, adhesion 15.80, the upper the adhesion check the higher, viscosity 20.40, starting from 10-20 Centi poly and that is nonetheless inside regular limits, whereas the tubulen movement kind 4095 Reynold, exhibits that snail mucus has an excellent movement kind with Re >4000.
The gel is sort of comfy when used, offers a cooling sensation and might moisturize the pores and skin as a result of it has a excessive water content material. The principle gelling agent can be referred to as gelling agent13. Gelling agent is a hydrocolloid substance that provides consistency to the gel. One instance of a gelling agent is CMC-Na, an artificial polymer of acrylic acid, within the type of a white powder with a attribute odor, very simply ionized, barely acidic, and really hygroscopic in order that it has an excellent water-binding means and might type a gel with enough viscosity14. The pharmaceutical formulation that’s broadly used orally and topically is Sodium Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na) particularly as a result of it may possibly enhance its viscosity properties. CMC-Na focus to be used of gelling agent is 3-6%. CMC-Na can be utilized in cosmetics, toiletries, surgical prosthetics, and incontinence, private hygiene, and meals merchandise15. CMC-Na is in powder or granular type, white to cream in shade, and hydroscopic9. Na CMC dissolves simply in cold and warm water. Na CMC is a spinoff of Cellulose which offers stability to the product by capturing water to type hydrogen bridges with different Na CMC molecules16. The upper the gelling agent focus, the upper the viscosity and the therapeutic time is longer. Snail slime gel with gelling agent CMC-Na focus of three% and optimistic management (bioplacenton) has the quickest impact in therapeutic burns, specifically 12.50 ± 0.55 days in comparison with gelling agent CMC-Na focus 5%, focus 7%, management unfavorable (snail slime), and base management17
Conclusion
The bodily stability of the snail slime gel has been analyzed, it was discovered that the gel with an optimum focus of 10% CMC-Na (F3) had the highest quality. This focus shall be used as a formulation for making periodontitis therapeutic gel, as a result of it has steady stability, thick liquid, tasteless liquid, homogeneous, pH 6.88, even distribution 6.5 (regular spreading energy is between 5-7 cm), adhesive energy 15.80 ( the upper the higher), the viscosity is 20.40 (nonetheless inside regular limits), whereas the tubulent movement kind is 4095 Reynold, indicating that snail mucus has an excellent movement kind with Re>4000.
Acknowledgment
This analysis is supported and funded by the DIPA Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar, in 2022-2023.
Battle of Curiosity
The creator declares that there aren’t any conflicts of curiosity.
Funding Sources
There are funding by DIPA Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar No. 5034.DDC.007.054.A.521219
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